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The Toyota GR engine family is an open-deck, V6 piston engine series. The GR series has a 60° die-cast aluminum block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. This engine series also features 4 valves per cylinder, forged steel connecting rods, one-piece cast camshafts, and a cast aluminum lower intake manifold. Some variants use multi-port fuel injection, some have D4 direct injection, and others have a combination of direct injection and multi-port fuel injection or D4-S. The GR series replaces the previous MZ V6 and JZ inline-6, and in the case of light trucks the VZ V6. ''Note: Power ratings have changed due to SAE measurement changes for 2006 model year vehicles. Toyota rates engines on 87 pump octane, Lexus rates engines on 91 pump octane.'' ==1GR-FE== The 1GR-FE is the 4.0 L (3956 cc) version, designed for longitudinal mounting in RWD and 4WD pickup applications. It has a 94 mm bore and a stroke of 95 mm. Output is at 5200 rpm with of torque at 4000 rpm on 87 octane, and at 5200 rpm with at 3700 rpm on 91 octane. This engine features Toyota's VVT-i, variable valve timing system on the intake cam and a compression ratio of 10.0:1. Service weight, including fluids, is . An updated version of this engine features Dual VVT-i, increasing output to and on 87 octane and and on 91 octane. Inside, the 1GR uses a "taper-squish" combustion chamber design with matching pistons to improve anti-knocking and engine performance, while also improving intake and fuel efficiency. Toyota adopted a siamese-type intake port, which reduces the surface area of the port walls and prevents fuel from adhering to such walls. This engine has special cast-iron cylinder liners cast into the block, which are a spiny type to improve adhesion between the liner and cylinder block. With these special thin liners it is impossible to bore the block. In the event of cylinder wall damage (scoring, deep protrusions, etc.), the entire cylinder block must be replaced. For increased block rigidity, the 1GR also receives a high temperature plastic insulator/protector, which fills the empty space between the outer portion of the cylinders and block material common to open deck engines. For increased cooling efficiency, the 1GR employs water passages between the bores of the engine. There are two such passages for each bank for a total of four. This reduces cylinder hot-spotting and keeps combustion chamber temperatures more uniform. A bolt-on TRD supercharger kit is available on the Tacoma and FJ Cruiser. Applications with VVT-i (calendar years): * 2002-2009 Toyota 4Runner / Hilux Surf (GRN210/215) * 2007-2011 Toyota Land Cruiser (GRJ200) * 2002-2009 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ120/121/125) * 2004–2015 Toyota Tacoma (GRN225/245/250/265/270) * 2005-2015 Toyota Hilux (GGN10/20) * 2005-2006 Toyota Tundra (GSK30) * 2006-2009 Toyota Tundra (GSK50/51) * 2005–2015 Toyota Fortuner (GGN50/60) * 2006-2009 Toyota FJ Cruiser (GSJ10/15) Applications with Dual VVT-i (calendar years): * 2009–present Toyota 4Runner (GRN280/285) * 2009–present Toyota FJ Cruiser * 2009–present Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (GRJ150/155) * 2010–present Toyota Tundra (GSK50/51) * 2012–present Toyota Land Cruiser * 2012–present Lexus GX 400 (GRJ150) * 2014-2015 Toyota Land Cruiser 70 30th Anniversary Edition * 2015-present Toyota Fortuner * 2015-present Toyota Hilux 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toyota GR engine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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